Mass Fourier number#

Named after: Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier (1768-1830).

$$\text{Fo}_m \stackrel{\text{def}}{=} \frac{D t}{L^{2}} \sim \frac{\text{mass diffusion spread}}{\text{length squared}}$$

Description#

Measures elapsed time relative to the mass diffusion time across a length scale. It indicates how far a transient concentration disturbance has penetrated.

Quantities#

NameSymbolSI unitsDimension
diffusivity\(D\)\(\mathrm{m}^{2}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}\)\(\text L^{2}\,\text T^{-1}\)
time\(t\)\(\mathrm{s}\)\(\text T\)
characteristic length\(L\)\(\mathrm{m}\)\(\text L\)

Regimes#

Transient diffusion

early transientlate transient00.2
RangeRegimeDescription
0 – 0.2early transientConcentration gradients remain localized. The diffusing species has not penetrated the full characteristic length.
0.2 – ∞late transientDiffusion has spread across much of the characteristic length. Concentration gradients are relaxing toward equilibrium.